Temperature, strain, and strain rate dependent Norton-Hoff model used in HyperXtrude is given by the following expression.
![]()  | 
Workpiece  | 
Aluminum  | 
{  | 
  | 
ConstitutiveModel =  | 
"PowerLaw"  | 
  | 
Density =  | 
ρ  | 
  | 
SpecificHeat =  | 
Cp(T)  | 
  | 
Conductivity =  | 
K(T)  | 
  | 
CoeffOfThermalExpansion =  | 
βT  | 
  | 
VolumetricHeatSource =  | 
Qvol  | 
Amplitude =  | 
μ0  | 
|
ConstantY =  | 
Y  | 
|
  | 
StressRateHardeningExponent =  | 
m  | 
  | 
ReferenceTemperature =  | 
T0  | 
  | 
SolidusTemperature =  | 
Ts  | 
  | 
LiquidusTemperature =  | 
Tl  | 
  | 
TemperatureDependence =  | 
"Exp(A1T+A2T^2)"  | 
  | 
StrainOffset =  | 
ε  | 
  | 
TemperatureConstantA1 =  | 
A1  | 
TemperatureConstantA2 =  | 
A2  | 
|
TemperatureConstantA3 =  | 
A3  | 
|
TemperatureConstantA4 =  | 
A4  | 
|
  | 
YoungModulus =  | 
E  | 
  | 
PoissonRatio =  | 
ν}  |