1 (X):  Left Wheel Rate

N/mm

The left wheel vertical stiffness (excluding tires) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

1/(C(3,3)+C(3,9))

2 (Y):  Left Ride Rate

N/mm

The left wheel vertical stiffness (tires in series) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

((wheel rate)*(tire stiffness))/((wheel rate)+(tire stiffness))

3 (Z):  Left Hop Rate

N/mm

The left wheel vertical stiffness (tires in parallel) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

(wheel rate) + (tire stiffness)

4 (X):  Right Wheel Rate

N/mm

The right wheel vertical stiffness (excluding tires) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

1/(C(9,3)+C(9,9))

5 (Y):  Right Ride Rate

N/mm

The right wheel vertical stiffness (tires in series) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

((wheel rate)*(tire stiffness))/((wheel rate)+(tire stiffness))

6 (Z):  Right Hop Rate

N/mm

The right wheel vertical stiffness (tires in parallel) when both the left and right wheels are moving in-phase or:

(wheel rate) + (tire stiffness)