Control Volumes

Control volume entities are used to define and store control volumes typically used in safety analysis. Control volumes are shown under the ControlVolume folder within the Model browser.

Control volumes do not have a display state.

Control volumes have an active and export state. The active state of a control volume controls the listing of the control volume in the Model browser and any of its views. If a control volume entity is active, then it is listed in the Model browser and any of its views. If a control volume entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model browser or any of its views.

The export state of a control volume entity controls whether or not that control volume is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a control volume. The active and export states of control volume entities can be controlled using the Entity State browser.

The data names associated with control volumes can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit control volumes:

Control Vol

Solver Card Support for Control Volumes

Supported Card	Solver Description	Supported Parameters	Notes
/MONVOL	Describes the monitored volume types
/MONVOL/AIRBAG1	Defines the airbag using standard gas	SelectsurfBox
/MONVOL/AREA	Describes the monitored volume type AREA.	SelectsurfBox
/MONVOL/COMMU1	Describes multi-chambered airbag with hybrid input of injected gas.
/MONOVOL/FVMBAG1	Describes Finite Volume Method Airbag.
/MONVOL/GAS	Describes the perfect gas monitored volume type.	SelectsurfBox
/MONVOL/PRES	Describes the pressure load curve monitored volume type.	SelectsurfBox
REFSTA	Describes the reference state (stress free state) of elements		You need to create a new include file, set the include file type as REFSTA and create this card in the include file.

Entities can be created using the Solver browser. All the supported LS-DYNA keywords appear in the tree view in the Solver browser, sorted by type of input data. To display the Solver browser, select Solver Browser from the View menu.

The complete list of LS-DYNA keywords that are supported are listed below.

An alternate way to identify a supported card is to invoke the "create new keyword" tool. This convenient selection tool can be invoked using the context menu in the Solver browser, using the Create New option in the Tools menu bar.

Once you select a card of interest, the right panel is opened with the necessary options set.

Use the Control Volume panel to control volume objects within a model. The *AIRBAG_OPTION card is output from this panel. The POP option is supported for WANG_NEFSKE options.

The following keywords are supported:

Supported Card	Solver Description	Supported Parameters	Notes
*AIRBAG_ADIABATIC_GAS _MODEL_ID	Define an airbag or control volume	Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, PSF, LCID, GAMMA, P0, PE, RO ControlVolHelp
*AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ ALE	DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG, DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE, and *DEFINE_ALEBAG_INFLATOR to define ALE type AIRBAG in modular way	BAGID1 - BAGID8 HOLEID1 - HOLEID8 INFLID1 - INFLID8 NX, NY, NZ, ARSNID, IDCENT, EXSID, LX, LY, LZ, ITRANS, UIDAIR, ATMOST, ATMOSP, GC, CC, MWD, SPSF, SWTIME, HG, NAIR ALE MESH OPTION (GENERATE MESH, SELECT MESH)
*AIRBAG_ALE	Provides a simplified approach to defining the deployment of the airbag using the ALE capabilities with an option to switch from the initial ALE method to control volume method at a chosen time.	Title, SIDTYP, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, GC, CC, TNKVOL, TNKFINP, NQUAD, CTYPE, PFAC, FRIC, FRCMIN, NORMTYP, ILEAK, PLEAK, IV_PSETID, IBLOCK, VNTCOF, NX, NY, NZ, MOVERN, ZOOM, SWTIME, HG, NAIR, NGAS, NORIF, LCVEL, LCT, MWAIR, INITM1, AIRA, AIRB, AIRC PFAC_Option IVTYPE (PartSetID, PartID, Segment Set) NX_NY_Option
*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ CHEMKIN_ID	Define an airbag or control volume	Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, LCIDM, LCIDT, NGAS, DATA, ATMT, ATMP, RG, HCONV, C23, A23 LCIDM_Cubic_Interp LCIDT_Cubic_Interp
*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ID	Define an airbag or control volume	Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS LCC23_Relative_Pressure A23_Option Jetting Reference Geometry
*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ JETTING_ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT Control LCC23_Relative_Pressure A23_Option Jetting Reference Geometry
*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ JETTING_CM_ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT Control LCC23_Relative_Pressure A23_Option Jetting Reference Geometry
*AIRBAG_INTERACTION_ID	Define two connected airbags which vent into each other	AB1, AB2, AREA, SF, PID, LCID, IFLOW LCID_orificeAreaCurve LCID_orificeCoeffCurve
*AIRBAG_LINEAR_FLUID_ ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, BULK, RO, LCINT, LCOUTT, LCOUTP, LCFIT, LCBULK, LCID ControlVolHelp
*AIRBAG_LOAD_CURVE_ ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, STIME, LCID, RO, PE, P0, T, T0 ControlVolHelp
*AIRBAG_PARTICLE	To define an airbag using the particle method.	SID TYPE1, SIDTYPE2, BLOCK, NPDATA, FRIC, IRPD, NP, UNIT, VISFLAG, TATM, PATM, NVENT, TEND, TSW, IAIR, NGAS, NORIF, NID1, NID2, NID3, CHM, CD_EXT
*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_ GEOMETRY_BIRTH	If the reference configuration of the airbag is taken as the folded configuration, the geometrical accuracy of the deployed bag will be affected by both the stretching and the compression of elements during the folding process.	BIRTH
*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_ GEOMETRY_BIRTH_RDT		BIRTH
*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_ GEOMETRY_RDT		n/a
*AIRBAG_SHELL_ REFERENCE_GEOMETRY		n/a
*AIRBAG_SIMPLE_ AIRBAG_MODEL_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCID, MU, A, PE, RO, LOU, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC ControlVolHelp Mu_Option A_Option ReferenceGeometry
*AIRBAG_SIMPLE_ PRESSURE_VOLUME_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CN, BETA, LCID, LCIDDR ControlVolHelp CN_LCID_Option
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC Pop, Jetting, ReferenceGeometry
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _JETTING_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 MultipleJetting, CA_Option
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _JETTING_CM		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, JSVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, ANGLE, NODE, NREACT
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _JETTING_POP_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC MultipleJetting; CA_Option BETA Option CM Reference Geometry
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _JETTING_POP_CM		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE, NREACT
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTING_CM_ ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, IOC, IOA, IVOL, IRO, IT, LCBF, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTING_ID		Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 BETA_Option CM ReferenceGeometry
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTING_POP _CM_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE, NREACT
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTING_POP _ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 BETA Option CM Reference Geometry
*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE _POP_ID		Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP Reference Geometry
*DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG	Defines the surface that constitutes the airbag's outer surface for ALE airbag	CVBAG, IBLOCK, VTCOEF, VENTSID, NQUAD, CTYPE, PFAC, FRIC, FRCMIN, NORMTYP, ILEAK, PLEAK, NORM, START, END SID TYPE (Part Set ID, Part ID) VENTYP (Part Set ID, Part ID, Set Segment) PFAC_Option
*DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE	Defines the surface that constitutes the vents for ALE airbag	SID_SET, NQUAD, XOFF, NFOLD, XCLEN SID TYPE (Part Set ID, Part ID)
*DEFINE_ALEBAG_ INFLATOR	Defines the inflator for ALE airbag	NGAS, NORIF, LCIDVEL, LCIDT
*DEFINE_CPM_BAG_INTERACTION	Allows interaction between two particle bags.	BagID1, BagID2
*DEFINE_CPM_CHAMBER	Defines airbag chambers for air particle initialization or chamber interaction.	NCHM
*DEFINE_CPM_GAS_PROPERTIES	Defines extended gas thermodynamic properties.	Xmm, Cp0-Cp4, Ut0-Ut4, Chm_ID, Vini
*DEFINE_CPM_VENT	Defines extended vent hole options.	C23, LCTC23, LCPC23, ENH_V, PPOP, C23UP, IOPT, JT, IOPT1
*INITIAL_FOAM_ REFERENCE_GEOMETRY	The reference configuration allows stresses to be initialized in the following hyperelastic material models: 2, 7, 21, 23, 27, 31, 38, 57, 73, 83, 132 and 181.	n/a

Supported Card	Solver Description	Supported Parameters	Notes
AIRBAG_CHAMBER	Defines special characteristics of a finite-element structure which models an airbag.	CHAMBER_V0 AUTO_VOLUME (ON/OFF) HOLE GAS_FLOW_GRID COMMENT output REFERENCE_COORDINATEs	Choose elems and select all elements forming the AIRBAG_CHAMBER, i.e. all elements contained in all LISTs (ELEMENT_LIST, GROUP_LIST, INV_ELEMENT_LIST and INV_GROUP_LIST). [INV_ELEMENT_LIST] = reference to a set of elements, containing all elements in both INV_ELEMENT_LIST and INV_GROUP_LIST. Select the HOLE check box to add a related HOLE element.
COORDINATE_REF. CARTESIAN	Nodal reference definition in a Cartesian coordinate system.	n/a	nodes = collection of all nodes representing a COORDINATE_REF in the present AIRBAG_CHAMBER Select the output REFERENCE_COORDINATEs check box to export the selected nodes in the present AIRBAG_CHAMBER as COORDINATE_REF.CARTESIANs.
GAS_FLOW_GRID	GasFlow grid definition.	BODY GRID_I_DIR (X, Y, Z) GRID (I, J, K) MIN_SIZE GRID_J_DIR (X, Y, Z) OFFSET (I, J, K) ANTI_THROUGH_FLOW (OFF/ON) INFLATOR_MTH (MOMENTUM, SONIC CELL)	Defined on the card of the parent AIRBAG_CHAMBER.
GAS_FRACTION	Molar fraction of the specified GAS in the mixture.		Defined on the same card as its parent GAS_MIXTURE (_VARIABLE).
GAS_MIXTURE	Gas mixture with a fixed composition.	N2, MOL_FRACTION	Defined on the card of the parent.
GAS_MIXTURE_VARIABLE	Gas mixture at a fixed time after inflator triggering.	TIME, N2,	Defined on the card of the parent.
HOLE		HOLE.MODEL, BLOCK_FLOW, CDEX, DPEX, DTEX, DELTEX, SWITCH, SWITCH_SCALE, CDP_FUNC, CDT_FUNC, SCALE_FUNC HOLE_AREA HOLE_SUBSEGMENT
HOLE_AREA		HOLE_AREA (ACTUAL, REFERENCE, SCALE_ACTUAL, SCALE_REFERENCE)
HOLE_SUBSEGMENT		HOLE_SUBSEGMENT (AUTO, USER)

Supported Card	Solver Description	Supported Parameters	Notes
BAGIN	Airbag definition	Pa; Ta; Ru; INACT: YPV; RHOPV; TIPV; AHEAT; LCTRAN; NCYFR;
CHAMBER	Multiple chamber definitions	AHEAT, LCTRAN, TITLE DISP_EXT_SKIN_CARDS WALL_OPENING WALL_FABRIC INI_COND LEAKAGE INFLATOR
END_BAGIN	Terminates the whole general airbag definition
END_CHAMBER	Ends each chamber description
EXT_SKIN	Chamber outer skin elements		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
FPM	FPM definition card		Sub-keyword of BAGIN
FPM_HOLE	Hole for SPHCEL		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
GAS	Chamber GAS definition		Sub-keyword of BAGIN Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
GEN_INI_COND	Chamber gas initial condition		Sub-keyword of BAGIN
INFLATOR	Airbag inflator definition		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
INI_COND	Initial condition of gas		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
JET	Jet definition		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
LEAKAGE	Vents and holes definition in airbag		Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
LOCAL_H	FPM - Local smoothing length card		Sub-keyword of BAGIN
WALL_FABRIC	Define chamber wall fabric	S, MATFAB, NLD	Sub-keyword of CHAMBER
WALL_OPENING	Chamber wall opening	NUL_SHELL, S, MATOP, COP, NLDCOT, NLDCOP, IFLOPT, VEN_AREA, IOPEN, OPIN, OPOUT NUMNULSHELL NUM_VENAREA	Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

Control Volumes

Control Volumes

Control Volumes

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See Also: