Generic Bushing Model

The following describes a generic representation of a bushing model:

Let:

•	t be the independent variable time

•	p be a set of model coefficients or parameters used in the bushing definition

•	x(t) be a set of internal states used in the bushing model

•	u(t) be a set of known inputs provided o the bushing

•	y(t) be the forces generated by the bushing (the outputs)

Then the general form of the equations representing a bushing is:

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The functions F(…) and G(…) depend on the bushing model that is used. The above equations can be combined into one single expression having the form:

(Click to enlarge)