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I/O Options and Subcase Information Entry

STRAIN - Output Request

Description

The STRAIN command can be used in the I/O Options or Subcase Information sections to request strain output for all subcases or individual subcases, respectively.

Format

STRAIN (sorting,format_list,form,type,location,extras_list,random,peakoutput,modal,Neuber) = option

Argument

Options

Descriptions

sorting

<SORT1, SORT2>

Default = blank

This argument only applies to the PUNCH format (.pch file) or the OUTPUT2 format (.op2 file) output for normal modes, frequency response, and transient subcases. It will be ignored without warning if used elsewhere.

SORT1:

Results for each frequency/timestep are grouped together.

SORT2:

Results for each grid/element are grouped together (Comment 11).

blank:

For frequency response analysis, if element SET is not specified, SORT1 is used, otherwise, SORT2 is used; for transient analysis, SORT2 is used.

 

format

<HM, H3D, OPTI, PUNCH, OP2, PLOT, blank>

Default = blank

HM:

Results are output in HyperMesh results format (.res file). Refer to Strain Results Written in HyperMesh .res Format.

H3D:

Results are output in Hyper3D format (.h3d file). Refer to Strain Results Written in HyperView .h3d Format.

OPTI:

Results are output in OptiStruct results format (.strn file).

PUNCH:

Results are output in Nastran punch results format (.pch file). Refer to Strain Results Written in Nastran .op2 and .pch Formats.

OP2:

Results are output in Nastran output2 format (.op2 file) (see comment 14, and also refer to Strain Results Written in Nastran .op2 and .pch Formats).

PLOT:

Results are output in Nastran output2 format (.op2 file) when PARAM, POST is defined in the bulk data section. Refer to Strain Results Written in Nastran .op2 and .pch Formats.

If PARAM, POST is not defined in the bulk data section, this format allows the form for complex results to be defined for XYPUNCH output without having other output.

blank:

Results are output in all active formats for which the result is available.

 

form

<COMPLEX, REAL, IMAG, PHASE,
BOTH>

Default (HM only) = COMPLEX

Default (all other formats) = REAL

COMPLEX (HM only), blank:

Provides a combined magnitude/phase form of complex output to the .res file for the HM output format.

REAL or IMAG:

Provides rectangular format (real and imaginary) of complex output.

PHASE:

Provides polar format (phase and magnitude) of complex output.

BOTH (HM only):

Provides both rectangular and polar formats of complex output.

 

type

<VON, PRINC, MAXS, SHEAR, ALL, TENSOR, DIRECT>

Default = ALL

VON:

Only von Mises strain results are output.

PRINC, MAXS, SHEAR:

von Mises and maximum principal strain results are output.

ALL:

All strain results are output.

TENSOR:

All strain results are output. Tensor format is used for H3D output.

DIRECT:

All strain results are output. Direct format is used for H3D output.

 

location

<CENTER, CUBIC, SGAGE, CORNER, BILIN, GAUSS>

Default = CENTER

CENTER:

Element strains for shell and solid elements are output at the element center only.

CUBIC:

Element strains for shell and solid elements are output at the element center and grid points using the strain gage approach with cubic bending correction.

SGAGE:

Element strains for shell and solid elements are output at the element center and grid points using the strain gage approach.

CORNER or BILIN:

Element strains for shell and solid elements are output at the element center and at the grid points using bilinear extrapolation (Comment 15).

GAUSS:

Element (Total) strains for shell elements and plastic strains for shell and solid elements are output at the Gauss integration points (Comment 15).

 

extras

<MECH, THER, PLASTIC>

No default

MECH:

Output Mechanical strain (in addition to total strain). This output is only available for H3D format.

THER:

Output Thermal strain (in addition to total strain). This output is only available for H3D format.

PLASTIC:

Output Plastic strain (in addition to total strain). This output is only available for H3D format.

 

random

<PSDF, RMS>

No default

PSDF:

Requests PSD and RMS results from random response analysis to be output for solid and shell elements only (Comment 12).

Only valid for the H3D format. The "RMS over Frequencies" output is at the end of the Random results in the .h3d file.

RMS:

Requests only the “RMS over Frequencies” result from random response analysis to be output for solid and shell elements only (Comment 12).

Valid only for the H3D format.

 

peakoutput

<PEAKOUT>

Default = blank

If PEAKOUT is present, only the filtered frequencies from the PEAKOUT card will be considered for this output.

 

modal

<MODAL>

Default = blank

If MODAL is present, strain results of the structural modes and residual vectors are output to the PUNCH, OUTPUT2 and H3D files for modal frequency response and transient analyses.

 

Neuber

<NEUBER>

Default = blank

If NEUBER is present, the von Mises strain is corrected using the Neuber rule are output to the H3D file (Comment 16).

 

option

<YES, ALL, NO, NONE, SID, PSID>

Default = ALL

YES, ALL, blank:

Results are output for all elements.

NO, NONE:

Results are not output.

SID:

If a set ID is given, results are output only for elements listed in that set.

PSID:

If a property set ID is given, results for the elements referencing properties listed in the property set are output.

Comments

1.When the STRAIN command is not present, no strain data is output.
2.HyperView can internally derive strain results from the strain tensor when the options TENSOR or ALL are used. If the option DIRECT is used, it will display the strain results that were directly computed.
3.The von Mises and Principal stress are not available for frequency response analysis.
4.For elements that reference PCOMP and PCOMPG properties, the STRAIN I/O option controls only strain results for the homogenized composite. The CSTRAIN I/O option must be used to obtain ply strain results.
5.The form argument is only applicable for frequency response analysis. It is ignored in other instances.
6.The forms BOTH and COMPLEX do not apply to the .frf output files.
7.Multiple formats are allowed on the same entry; these should be comma separated. If a format is not specified, this output control applies to all formats defined by the OUTPUT command, for which the result is available. See Results Output for information on which results are available in which formats.
8.Multiple instances of this card are allowed; if instances are conflicting, the last instance dominates.
9.For optimization, the frequency of output to a given format is controlled by the I/O option OUTPUT.
10.The mechanical and thermal contributions to strain may be requested in addition to the total strain.
11.In general, HyperView does not recognize the SORT2 format for results from the .op2 file. When results are output only in SORT2 format (<Result Keyword> (SORT2, OUTPUT2, ….)), the results are written by OptiStruct into the .op2 file in SORT2 format, but when the .op2 file is imported into HyperView, the results in SORT2 format are not recognized. Therefore, the SORT1 option is recommended for results output in OUTPUT2 format and SORT2 option is recommended for results output in PUNCH format.
12.PSDF and RMS von Mises strain results based on the Segalman Method are also written to the .h3d file for Random Response Analysis (only available in the H3D format).
13.The four-letter abbreviation STRA is interchangeable with STRAIN.
14.format=OUTPUT2 can also be used to request results to be output in the Nastran output2 format (.op2 file).
15.To display CORNER/GAUSS strain results in HyperView, activate the Use Corner Results check box in the Contour panel. The following results are currently available:

 

 

Stress

Total Strain

Plastic Strain

Corner Results

Shell Elements

Yes

Yes

Yes

Solid Elements

Yes

Yes

Yes

Gauss Results

Shell Elements

Yes

Yes

Yes

Solid Elements

Yes

No

Yes

16.Neuber corrected strains are calculated based on the von Mises stresses from elastic analysis, the Young’s modulus, and the nonlinear material properties defined on the MATS1 Bulk Data Entry.
17.Equivalent plastic strain takes into account the z-component of strain tensor for shells. On the other hand, strain tensor output (even with plastic strain tensor) does not output z-component of strain tensor, which would cause the difference in equivalent plastic strain and von Mises based on plastic strain tensor.

See Also:

I/O Options Section

I/O Options by Function

The Input File