/PROP/TYPE9 (SH

Block Format Keyword

/PROP/TYPE9 - Orthotropic Shell Property

Description

This property set is used to define the orthotropic shell property.

Format

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
/PROP/TYPE9/prop_ID/unit_ID or /PROP/SH_ORTH/prop_ID/unit_ID
prop_title
Ishell	Ismstr	Ish3n	Idrill
hm		hf		hr		dm		dn
N	Istrain	Thick		Ashear			Ithick	Iplas
VX		VY		VZ

Field	Contents	SI Unit Example
prop_ID	Property identifier (Integer, maximum 10 digits)
unit_ID	Optional unit identifier (Integer, maximum 10 digits)
prop_title	Property title (Character, maximum 100 characters)
Ishell	Shell element formulation flag (Integer) = 0: use value in /DEF_SHELL = 1: Q4, visco-elastic hourglass modes orthogonal to deformation and rigid modes (Belytschko) = 2: Q4, visco-elastic hourglass without orthogonality (Hallquist) = 3: Q4, elasto-plastic hourglass with orthogonality = 4: Q4 with improved type 1 formulation (orthogonalization for warped elements) = 12: QBAT shell formulation = 24: QEPH shell formulation
Ismstr	Shell small strain formulation flag (Integer) = 0: use value in /DEF_SHELL = 1: small strain from time = 0 (formulation compatible with all other formulation flags) = 2: full geometric nonlinearities with possible small strain formulation activation in RADIOSS Engine (option /DT/SHELL/CST) = 3: old small strain formulation (only compatible with hourglass type 2) = 4: full geometric nonlinearities (in RADIOSS Engine, option /DT/SHELL/CST has no effect) = 11: total small strain from time = 0
Ish3n	3 node shell element formulation flag (Integer) = 0: use value in /DEF_SHELL = 1: standard triangle (C0) = 2: standard triangle (C0) with modification for large rotation = 30: DKT18 = 31: DKT_S3, which based on DTK12 of BATOZ (refer to the Theory Manual)
Idrill	Drilling degree of freedom stiffness flag (Comment 20) (Integer) = 0: default set to 2 = 1: yes = 2: no
hm	Shell membrane hourglass coefficient Default = 0.01 (Real)
hf	Shell out-of-plane hourglass Default = 0.01 (Real)
hr	Shell rotation hourglass coefficient Default = 0.01 (Real)
dm	Shell membrane damping (Real)
dn	Shell numerical damping (Real)
N	Number of integration points through the thickness 1 < N < 10 Default set to 1 (Integer)
Istrain	Compute strains for post-processing flag (Integer) = 0: default set to /DEF_SHELL defined value = 1: yes = 2: no
Thick	Shell thickness (Real)
Ashear	Shear factor Default is Reissner value: 5/6 (Real)
Ithick	Shell resultant stresses calculation flag (Integer) = 0: default set to value defined with /DEF_SHELL = 1: thickness change is taken into account = 2: thickness is constant
Iplas	Shell plane stress plasticity flag (Integer) = 0: default set to value defined with /DEF_SHELL = 1: iterative projection with three Newton iterations = 2: radial return
VX	X component Default = 1.0 (Real)
VY	Y component Default = 0.0 (Real)
VZ	Z component Default = 0.0 (Real)
	Angle Default = 0.0 (Real)

There are 3 integration points through the shell thickness. Material direction m1 (fiber direction) defined with vector V and angle .

prop_type9_example

#RADIOSS STARTER

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

#- 1. LOCAL_UNIT_SYSTEM:

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

/UNIT/2

unit for prop

# MUNIT LUNIT TUNIT

kg mm ms

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

#- 2. GEOMETRICAL SETS:

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

/PROP/SH_ORTH/2/2

SH_ORTH example

# Ishell Ismstr Ish3n Idrill

12 0 0 1

# hm hf hr dm dn

0 0 0 .1 .1

# N Istrain Thick Ashear Ithick Iplas

3 0 1.8 0 1 1

# Vx Vy Vz Phi

1 0 1 45

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

#enddata

#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

1.	Q4: original 4 node RADIOSS shell with hourglass perturbation stabilization.

QEPH: formulation with hourglass physical stabilization for general use.

QBAT: modified BATOZ Q4y24 shell with four Gauss integration points and reduced integration for in-plane shear. No hourglass control is needed for this shell.

DKT18: BATOZ DKT18 thin shell with three Hammer integration points.

2.	Flag Ishell = 2 is incompatible with one integration point for shell element.

Small strain formulation is activated from time t= 0, if Ismstr = 1, 3 or 11. It may be used for a faster preliminary analysis, but the accuracy of results is not ensured. Any shell for which

can be switched to a small strain formulation by RADIOSS Engine option /DT/SHELL/CST, except if Ismstr = 4 or 11.

4.	If the small strain option is set to 1, 3 or 11, the strains and stresses which are given in material laws are engineering strains and stresses; otherwise they are true strains and stresses.

Ismstr = 11 has been developed to improve the robustness for Airbag models; actually it is only compatible with Law 19 and with all quadrilateral shells and standard C0 tria. For Q4 shell using reference state coordinates, when Ismstr = 1, it will be set automatically to Ismstr = 11.

5.	hm, hf, and hr are only used for Q4 shells. They must have a value between 0 and 0.05.

6.	For hourglass type 3, hourglass maximum values may be larger, default values are 0.1 for hm and hr.

7.	Shell membrane damping dm can only be used for Material Laws 19, 25, 32 and 36:

•	the default value of dm is 5% for Law 25

•	the default value of dm is 25% for Law 19

•	the default value of dm is 0% for Law 32 and Law 36

8.	dm is used in any case for, QEPH, Q4y 24 (BATOZ) shells:

•	the default value of dm for QEPH is 1.5% for Material Laws 19, 32 and 36

•	the default value of dm for Q4y 24 (BATOZ) is 0%

For further information about dm coefficient, refer to the RADIOSS Theory Manual.

9.	Shell numerical damping dn is only used for Ishell =12 and 24:

•	for Ishell = 24, dn is used for hourglass stress calculation

•	for QBAT, dn is used for all stress terms, except transverse shear

•	for DKT18, dn is only used for membrane

10.	The default value of dn is:

•	1.5% for Ishell =24

•	0.1% for QBAT

•	0.01% for DKT18

11.	If Ithick or Iplas are activated, the small strain option is automatically deactivated in the corresponding type of element.

12.	Flag Iplas is available for Material Laws 2, 22, 32, 36 and 43.

13.	Flag Ithick is automatically set to 1 for Material Law 32.

14.	Flag Istrain is automatically set to 1 for Material Law 25.

15.	It is recommended to use Iplas = 1, if Ithick = 1.

16.	Input components of the global vector V are defined in Line 6.

17.	Projection of vector V on shell element plane becomes the vector

prop_type9_v10

18.	Direction 1 of local coordinate system of orthotropy is defined with the vector and angle (angle in degree).

19.	In case of reference metrics, the orientation for directions of anisotropy must be defined with the reference geometry, not the initial one.

20.	Idrill is available for QEPH, QBAT (Ishell = 12 and 24), and standard triangle (C0) shell elements (Ish3n = 1 and 2).

21.	Drilling DOF stiffness is recommended for implicit solutions especially for Riks method and bending dominated problems.

/PROP/TYPE9 (SH_ORTH)

/PROP/TYPE9 (SH_ORTH)

/PROP/TYPE9 (SH_ORTH)